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## CORStest
### A simple CORS misconfigurations checker
**Based on the research of [James Kettle](https://twitter.com/albinowax)**
CORStest is a *quick & dirty* Python 2 tool to find Cross-Origin Resource Sharing ([CORS](https://www.w3.org/TR/cors/)) misconfigurations. It takes a text file as input which may contain a list of domain names or URLs. Currently, the following potential vulnerabilities are detected by sending a certain `Origin` request header and checking for the `Access-Control-Allow-Origin` response header:
- **Developer backdoor:** Insecure dev origins like JSFiddle or CodePen are allowed to access this resource
- **Origin reflection:** The origin is simply echoed in ACAO header, any site is allowed to access this resource
- **Null misconfiguration:** Any site is allowed to access by forcing the `null` origin via a sandboxed iframe
- **Pre-domain wildcard:** *not*domain.com is allowed access, which can simply be registered by an attacker
- **Post-domain wildcard:** domain.com.*evil.com* is allowed access, which can be registered by an attacker
- **Subdomains allowed:** *sub*.domain.com allowed access, exploitable if attacker finds XSS in any subdomain
- **Non-ssl sites allowed:** A http origin is allowed access to a https resource, allows MitM to break encryption
- **Invalid CORS header:** Wrong use of wildcard or multiple origins, not a security problem but should be fixed
Note that these vulnerabilities/misconfigurations are dependend on the context. In most scenarios, they can only be exploited by an attacker if the `Access-Control-Allow-Credentials header` is present (see `-q` flag).
### Usage
```
usage: corstest.py [arguments] infile
positional arguments:
infile File with domain or URL list
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-c name=value Send cookie with all requests
-p processes multiprocessing (default: 32)
-s always force ssl/tls requests
-q quiet, allow-credentials only
-v produce a more verbose output
```
### Example
Use of CORStest to detect misconfigurations for the Alexa top 750 sites (with `Access-Control-Allow-Credentials`):
![CORStest example with Alexa top 750 websites](img/example-alexa-750.gif)
### Evaluation
Running this CORStest on the Alexa [top 1 million](http://s3.amazonaws.com/alexa-static/top-1m.csv.zip) sites reveals the following results:
![CORStest example with Alexa top 1,000,000 sites](img/evaluation-alexa-1m.png)
Note that the absolute numbers are quite low, because only 3% of the 1,000,000 tested websites had CORS enabled on their main page and could be analyzed for misconfigurations. This test took about 14 hours on a decent line (DSL). If you have a fast Internet connection, try to increase the number of parallel processes to `-p50` or more.
### Background
Read more on the technical backgorund of CORS misconfigurations in this fine [blogpost](http://blog.portswigger.net/2016/10/exploiting-cors-misconfigurations-for.html) or check out this [talk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgkj4ZgxI4c).

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#!/usr/bin/env python2
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# python standard library
import re, sys, ssl, signal, urllib2, urlparse, argparse, multiprocessing
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def usage():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Simple CORS misconfigurations checker")
parser.add_argument("infile", help="File with domain or URL list")
parser.add_argument("-c", metavar="name=value", help="Send cookie with all requests")
parser.add_argument("-p", metavar="processes", help="multiprocessing (default: 32)")
parser.add_argument("-s", help="always force ssl/tls requests", action="store_true")
parser.add_argument("-q", help="quiet, allow-credentials only", action="store_true")
parser.add_argument("-v", help="produce a more verbose output", action="store_true")
return parser.parse_args()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def main():
global args; args = usage()
try:
urls = [line.rstrip() for line in open(args.infile)]
procs = min(abs(int(args.p or 32)), len(urls)) or 1
except (IOError, ValueError) as e: print e; return
# check domains/urls in parallel but clean exit on ctrl-c
sigint_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=procs)
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, sigint_handler)
try: pool.map_async(check, urls).get(2**32)
except KeyboardInterrupt: pass
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# check for vulns/misconfigurations
def check(url):
if re.findall("^https://", url): args.s = True # set protocol
url = re.sub("^https?://", "", url) # url w/o proto
host = urlparse.urlparse("//"+url).hostname or "" # set hostname
acao = cors(url, url, False, True) # perform request
if acao:
if args.q and (acao == "no_acac" or "*" == acao): return
if acao == "*": info(url, "* (without credentials)")
elif acao in ["//", "://"]: alert(url, "Any origin allowed") # firefox/chrome/safari/opera only
elif re.findall("\s|,|\|", acao): invalid(url, "Multiple values in Access-Control-Allow-Origin")
elif re.findall("\*.", acao): invalid(url, 'Wrong use of wildcard, only single "*" is valid')
elif re.findall("fiddle.jshell.net|s.codepen.io", acao): alert(url, "Developer backdoor")
elif "evil.org" in cors(url, "evil.org"): alert(url, "Origin reflection")
elif "null" == cors(url, "null").lower(): alert(url, "Null misconfiguration")
elif host+".tk" in cors(url, host+".tk"): alert(url, "Post-domain wildcard")
elif "not"+host in cors(url, "not"+url):
alert(url, "Pre-domain wildcard") if sld(host) else warning(url, "Pre-subdomain wildcard")
elif "sub."+host in cors(url, "sub."+url): warning(url, "Arbitrary subdomains allowed")
elif cors(url, url, True).startswith("http://"): warning(url, "Non-ssl site allowed")
else: info(url, acao)
elif acao != None and not args.q: notvuln(url, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin header not present")
# TBD: maybe use CORS preflight options request instead to check if cors protocol is understood
sys.stdout.flush()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# perform request and fetch response header
def cors(url, origin, ssltest=False, firstrun=False):
url = ("http://" if not (ssltest or args.s) else "https://") + url
if origin != "null": origin = ("http://" if (ssltest or not args.s) else "https://") + origin
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url)
request.add_header('Origin', origin)
request.add_header('Cookie', args.c or "")
request.add_header('User-Agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64)')
if not "_create_unverified_context" in dir(ssl): response = urllib2.urlopen(request, timeout=10)
else: response = urllib2.urlopen(request, timeout=10, context=ssl._create_unverified_context())
acao = response.info().getheader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin')
acac = str(response.info().getheader('Access-Control-Allow-Credentials')).lower() == "true"
vary = "Origin" in str(response.info().getheader('Vary'))
if args.v: print "%s\n%-10s%s\n%-10s%s\n%-10s%s\n%-10s%s" % ("-" * 72, "Resource:", \
response.geturl(), "Origin:", origin, "ACAO:", acao or "-", "ACAC:", acac or "-")
if firstrun:
if args.q and not acac: acao = "no_acac"
if acac and acao != '*' and not args.q: alert(url, "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials present")
if vary and not args.q: warning(url, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin dynamically generated")
if ssltest and response.info().getheader('Strict-Transport-Security'): acao = ""
return acao or ""
except Exception as e:
if not args.q: error(url, e.message or str(e).splitlines()[-1])
if not firstrun: return ""
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# check if given hostname is a second-level domain
def sld(host):
try:
with open('tldlist.dat') as f: tlds = [line.strip() for line in f if line[0] not in "/\n"][::-1]
except IOError as e: return True
for tld in tlds:
if host.endswith('.' + tld): host = host[:-len(tld)]
if host.count('.') == 1: return True
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def error(url, msg): print "\x1b[2m" + url, "- Error:", msg + "\x1b[0m"
def alert(url, msg): print "\x1b[97;41m" + url, "- Alert:", msg + "\x1b[0m"
def invalid(url, msg): print "\x1b[30;43m" + url, "- Invalid:", msg + "\x1b[0m"
def warning(url, msg): print "\x1b[30;48;5;202m" + url, "- Warning:", msg + "\x1b[0m"
def notvuln(url, msg): print "\x1b[97;100m" + url, "- Not vulnerable:", msg + "\x1b[0m"
def info(url, msg): print "\x1b[30;42m" + url, "- Access-Control-Allow-Origin:", msg + "\x1b[0m"
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

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